{"id":1070,"date":"2025-05-20T19:06:09","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T16:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dztecs.com\/photography\/?p=1070"},"modified":"2025-05-20T19:06:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T16:06:09","slug":"a-detailed-guide-to-lens-filters-in-photography-types-and-uses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dztecs.com\/photography\/a-detailed-guide-to-lens-filters-in-photography-types-and-uses\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062f\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 (Lens Filter)<\/th>\n\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 (Photography Type)<\/th>\n\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 (Purpose)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\/\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 (UV\/Clear\/Haze Filter)<\/td>\n\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a UV<\/mark> \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 (Polarizing Filter)<\/td>\n\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/mark> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (ND Filter)<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634<\/td>\n\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646) \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 ND<\/mark> \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Hard-Edge Graduated Neutral Density (GND) Filter)<\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629<\/mark> \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 (Soft-Edge Graduated Neutral Density (GND) Filter)<\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629<\/mark> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (Reverse Graduated Neutral Density (GND) Filter)<\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u060c \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/mark> \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f (Color\/Warming\/Cooling Filter)<\/td>\n\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n\u064a\u0635\u062d\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/mark> \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 (Close-Up Filter)<\/td>\n\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648<\/td>\n\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u062a\u0631”\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/mark> \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 (Special Effects Filter)<\/td>\n\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645\u061b \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 “\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627” \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u061b \u062a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u061b \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/mark> \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0643.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 77 \u0645\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a<\/strong> \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 – \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u2013 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u064a 3 \u00d7 3 \u0648 4 \u00d7 4. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u2013 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 4 \u00d7 6\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Drop-in filters)<\/strong> \u2013 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 (Lens Filters)<\/span><\/h2>\n

    \u0633\u0623\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 (\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621). \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0622\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/mark> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628: \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span><\/h3>\n

    \"B+W \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (UV)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Clear)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 (Haze) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (UV\/IR) \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a DSLR. \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631. \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 (Multi-Resistant Coating – MRC). \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646. \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 B+W F-Pro MRC<\/a> (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 Tiffen \u0648 Hoya \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. *\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 MRC \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a.*<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0643\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Nikon 50mm f\/1.4G<\/a> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 (Vignetting) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. *\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638.*<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    2. \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 (Polarizing Filter): \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/h3>\n

    \"B+W \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a DSLR \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a DSLR \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0632\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. *\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.*<\/p>\n

    \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

    \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628:
      \n
      \"Minimum<\/figure>\n

      NIKON D700 + 24-70mm f\/2.8 @ 26mm, ISO 200, 1\/640, f\/8.0<\/li>\n

    2. \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 (\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647). \u062e\u062f\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/li>\n
    3. \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629:
      \n\"Wide-angle<\/li>\n
    4. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647:
      \n\"Extreme<\/li>\n
    5. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 1.5 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 Singh-Ray<\/a> \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621.<\/li>\n
    6. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 B+W High-Transmission MRC-Nano Master<\/a> \u0623\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \"Minimum<\/figure>\n

      NIKON D700 + 24-70mm f\/2.8 @ 26mm, ISO 200, 1\/640, f\/8.0\"Wide-angle\"Extreme3. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (ND): \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"Singh-Ray \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (Neutral Density Filters) \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 ND \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 (Shutter Speed) \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 (Exposure Time). \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 (Aperture) \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO.<\/p>\n

      \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 ISO 100\u060c \u0648 f\/2.8\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 1\/2000 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 f\/22 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1\/30 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 “\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a” \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0640 8 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f f\/11 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 f\/22 (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 f\/11-f\/16 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u062f<\/a>).<\/p>\n

      \"Bridge<\/p>\n

      \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 1\/250 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 f\/2.8 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 1\/250\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0644\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0647\u0648 f\/11. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u061f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627.<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 24 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 1\/48. \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a ISO \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 ND \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 ND \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      4. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (GND) \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/h3>\n

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       <\/p>\n

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      \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 Lee – \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 – \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 100×100 \u0645\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      5. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Hard-Edge GND Filters): \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \"\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Hard-Edge GND filters) \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631). \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \"\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n

      \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 – \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. *\u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.*<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      6. \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 (Soft-Edge GND)<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (Hard-Edge GND)\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 (Soft-Edge GND) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064d. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a Hard-Edge GND\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a Soft-Edge GND \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a Soft-Edge GND \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a Hard-Edge GND. *\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a Soft-Edge GND \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.*<\/p>\n

      \"\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628<\/p>\n

      7. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (Reverse GND Filters): \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a (Reverse Graduated Neutral Density Filters) \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 GND \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0645\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 (\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629) \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 Reverse GND \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642. \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 GND \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 Reverse GND\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \"San<\/p>\n

      \"San<\/p>\n

      \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 Reverse GND \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      8. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \"Blue \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646: \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631. *\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.*<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u064a (\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Lightroom \u0648 Photoshop. *\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631.*<\/p>\n

      \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621:<\/p>\n

      \"8x10<\/p>\n

      9. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 (Close-Up Filter) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \"Canon \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 (Close-up lenses)\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. *\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.*<\/p>\n

      10. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \"B+W \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Photoshop\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a Photoshop \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 “Motion Blur” (\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 “Gaussian Blur” (\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0648\u0633\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a Photoshop. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0647 \u0641\u064a Photoshop \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

      \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a Photoshop \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 Motion Blur:<\/p>\n

      \"Star<\/p>\n

      \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 Moment CineFlare Blue Streak Filter<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u2013 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/h2>\n

      \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

      \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0623\u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c. \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c. *\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629.*<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 (Step-Up\/Step-Down Rings): \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n

      \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a (Filters) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 77 \u0645\u0645) \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (Step-Up Rings) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 (Step-Down Rings) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0638\u0644\u064a\u0644 (Vignetting) \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. *\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629.*<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/h2>\n

      \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631.<\/p>\n

      \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629: \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a (Circular Polarizing Filter) \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644)\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. *\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.*<\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 (Neutral Density Filters) \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (Graduated Neutral Density Filters) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 (UV Filter) \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f. *\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639.*<\/p>\n

      \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0622\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0623\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629!<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a – \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 – \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":1038,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-photography"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a - 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